Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven or heavy-bottomed pot over medium-high heat.
Season beef cubes with salt and pepper, then sear in batches until browned on all sides. Remove beef from the pot and set aside.
In the same pot, add onion and celery. Sauté for 5 minutes until softened, then add garlic and cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Deglaze the pot with 1/2 cup of beef broth, scraping the bottom to release the browned bits (fond).
Return the beef to the pot. Add the remaining beef broth, diced tomatoes, thyme, oregano, and the bay leaf.
Bring the mixture to a boil, then reduce heat to low. Cover and simmer for 60 minutes or until the beef is starting to become tender.
Add the potatoes and carrots to the pot. Cover and continue to simmer for 20-25 minutes until the vegetables are fork-tender.
Stir in the frozen peas and corn. Cook for an additional 5 minutes until heated through.
Remove the bay leaf, adjust seasoning with salt and pepper as needed, and serve hot.