Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line muffin tin with cupcake liners.
In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
In a large bowl, cream butter, oil, and sugar with an electric mixer for 4-5 minutes until light and fluffy.
Beat in eggs and egg yolk one at a time. Add lemon zest, juice, and lemon extract (if using).
Mix in sour cream and buttermilk until combined.
Gradually add dry ingredients and mix until just incorporated. Do not overmix.
Divide batter evenly among liners (about 2/3 full).
Bake for 16–18 minutes or until a toothpick comes out clean.
Cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.
Frost with your preferred frosting once cupcakes are cool.