Preheat oven to 325°F (163°C). Line muffin tin with paper liners.
In a bowl, cream butter and sugar until fluffy.
Add eggs one at a time, beating well after each.
Mix in vanilla extract, lime juice, and mango/strawberry puree.
In a separate bowl, whisk flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt.
Toss diced fruit in 1 tbsp flour and set aside.
Add dry ingredients to wet mixture in batches, alternating with milk. Mix until just combined.
Fold in the floured fruit pieces gently.
Divide batter evenly among 12 cupcake liners.
Bake 20–22 minutes, or until a toothpick comes out clean. Let cool completely.
For frosting, beat cream cheese and butter until smooth. Add powdered sugar, mango puree (optional), and vanilla extract. Beat until fluffy.
Frost cupcakes once fully cooled.